Stone Base Calculator
Calculate the materials needed for a solid paver or patio stone base.
Paver Base Calculator | Estimate Crushed Stone & Bedding Sand
The paver stone base material calculator is the most critical tool for a successful hardscape project. A patio is only as good as its foundation; this calculator estimates the precisely compacted volume of crushed stone (sub-base) and bedding sand (leveling layer) needed to prevent your pavers from shifting or sinking over time.
For residential patios and walkways, a 4-6 inch sub-base of angular crushed stone is standard, while driveways require 8-12 inches of reinforced base. This tool calculates the bulk tonnage required, including a compaction factor to ensure you have enough material after it's been tamped down. For the top joint sand, we recommend stone dust or polymeric sand for maximum stability.
Learn more about the best practices for base preparation in our guide on calculating stone coverage or check our dedicated compaction calculator for advanced engineering specs.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the recommended depth for a paver base?
For patios and walkways, a compacted depth of 4-6 inches of crushed stone is standard. For driveways that will support vehicles, increase the depth to 8-12 inches. Our calculator allows you to specify your desired compacted depth.
What type of crushed stone is best for a paver base?
#57 crushed stone is widely recommended for paver bases. Its angularity allows for excellent compaction, creating a stable foundation. Ensure it's clean stone, free of excessive fines.
Do I need both crushed stone and sand for the base?
Yes. The crushed stone provides the main structural layer for load-bearing and drainage. The 1-inch layer of sand or stone dust on top is crucial for leveling the pavers and creating a smooth, consistent surface.
How much crushed stone do I need for a 10x10 patio base?
For a 10ft x 10ft patio (100 sq ft) with a 4-inch deep base, you will need approximately 1.25 cubic yards or 1.8 tons of crushed stone. Our calculator provides precise figures for your specific dimensions and depth.
How do I calculate the amount of sand for the leveling layer?
For a 1-inch leveling layer, you'll need approximately 0.03 cubic yards or 0.05 tons of sand per 100 square feet. Our calculator can provide this estimate when you specify the 'leveling layer' material.
Does compaction affect the amount of base material I need?
Yes. You order based on the *loose* volume needed to achieve your desired *compacted* depth. Our calculator accounts for the typical compaction rate of crushed stone (about 15-20%) to ensure you order enough material.