Stone Dust vs Crusher Dust: What's the Difference?

When planning a paver or construction project, you'll encounter terms like "stone dust" and "crusher dust" used interchangeably. While they're similar materials, understanding their subtle differences helps you make informed decisions and achieve better project results. This guide breaks down the key distinctions and helps you choose the right material.

What is Stone Dust?

Stone dust, also known as stone screenings or stone fines, is a fine-grained material created when larger stones are crushed into smaller pieces. It consists of particles smaller than 1/4 inch, with most particles being much finer. The material is typically gray or tan in color and has a texture similar to coarse sand but with more angular particles.

Stone dust is produced from various types of stone, including limestone, granite, and trap rock. When properly compacted, it creates a dense, stable base that locks together, making it ideal for paver installations and pathway foundations. The material has a density of approximately 1.4 tons per cubic yard when compacted.

What is Crusher Dust?

Crusher dust is essentially the same material as stone dust but specifically refers to the fine particles produced during the crushing process. The term "crusher dust" emphasizes the manufacturing process, while "stone dust" refers to the material itself. In practice, both terms often describe the same product.

However, crusher dust may sometimes contain slightly more angular particles or have variations in particle size distribution depending on the crushing equipment and source material. Some suppliers use the terms interchangeably, while others distinguish between them based on particle size or screening processes.

Key Similarities

Both stone dust and crusher dust share these important characteristics:

• Fine particle size: Both materials consist of particles smaller than 1/4 inch, with most being much finer
• Compaction properties: Both compact tightly when properly tamped, creating a stable base
• Density: Similar weight of approximately 1.4 tons per cubic yard when compacted
• Uses: Both are suitable for paver bases, pathway foundations, and leveling applications
• Drainage: Both provide adequate drainage while maintaining stability

Key Differences

While similar, there are subtle differences to consider:

Best Uses for Each Material

Stone Dust Applications

• Paver base installations (most common use)
• Pathway and walkway foundations
• Leveling material under retaining walls
• Base for flagstone and natural stone patios
• Filling gaps between pavers (when properly compacted)

Crusher Dust Applications

• Same applications as stone dust
• Road base material in some regions
• Drainage applications
• Backfill material for construction projects

Using Under Pavers

Both stone dust and crusher dust work excellently under pavers when properly installed. The key is proper preparation and compaction:

1. Excavate to proper depth: Remove soil to accommodate pavers, sand layer, and 1 inch of base material
2. Spread base material: Apply 1 inch of stone dust or crusher dust and level carefully
3. Compact thoroughly: Use a plate compactor to achieve 95% compaction
4. Add sand layer: Place 1 inch of sand on top of the compacted base
5. Install pavers: Set pavers in the sand layer, not directly on the base

For accurate material calculations, use our stone dust calculator to determine exactly how much you need for your project.

Density and Weight Considerations

Both materials have similar density characteristics:

• Loose density: 1.2-1.3 tons per cubic yard
• Compacted density: 1.4 tons per cubic yard
• Weight per cubic foot: Approximately 100-105 pounds

When calculating quantities, always use the compacted density (1.4 tons per cubic yard) to ensure you order enough material. The unit weight of stone dust is approximately 2,800 pounds per cubic yard when compacted.

Which Should You Choose?

For most projects, either material will work well. Consider these factors when choosing:

Important Installation Tips

Regardless of which material you choose, follow these best practices:

• Moisture content: Slightly damp material compacts better than bone dry or saturated material
• Compaction: Use a plate compactor and make multiple passes for optimal density
• Thickness: Maintain consistent 1-inch depth for paver bases
• Leveling: Use a screed board to achieve a perfectly level surface before compacting
• Order extra: Always order 10% more than calculated to account for compaction and waste